Abstract: Permanent-magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs) inherently exhibit torque oscillations due to their magnetic properties, impacting performance and causing increased noise and vibrations. While ...

Abstract: Class imbalance occurs frequently in machine learning, particularly in binary classification tasks where the majority class has a significantly larger number of samples than the minority ...

The system is designed to identify technical patterns in equities, select optimal vertical spreads based on configurable criteria, and execute trades with proper risk management controls. python/ ...